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Abdomen

Body between chest and pelvis.

Abduct

Draw one part of body away from another.

Aberrant

Deviating from usual course.

Ablate

Cut away or remove.

Abort

To expel fetus before it is viable. See abortion.

Abortifacient

Substance which causes abortion, ie makes uterus contract.

Abortion

Usually defined as loss of a pregnancy after early embryonic development is finished, but before the baby is able to live on its own - roughly loss from 35 to 300 days of pregnancy. May be called tillbirth, premature birth, dysmature birth, immature birth after 300 days.

Abscess

Cavity containing dead cells, bacteria and exudate (collectively called pus). May be acute, forming and bursting rapidly, or chronic, ie developing slowly and not bursting unless near body surface. Found in all tissues and organs. Causes: presence of foreign bodies, infection with bacteria or fungus, migrating parasitic larvae.

Absorbent

Medicine or dressing that promotes absorption.

Absorption

Passage of fluid or substance into skin, mucous membranes, blood or lymph streams.

Acanthocyte

Abnormally shaped read blood cell.

Accessory sex glands

These include the prostate, seminal vesicles, ampulla and bulbourethral glands in the stallion.  They secrete/store fluids that contribute to the ejaculate.

Acellular

Not made up of cells, ef horn, hair.

Acetabulum

Cup-shaped part of the pelvis formed by ilium and ischium; receives head of femur to make hip joint.

Acrosomal Cap

A caplike structure at the anterior end of a spermatozoon that produces enzymes aiding in egg penetration. Also called acrosome, head cap.

Acute

Sharp. In disease: having short, relatively severe course.

Ad lib

Used in connection with feeding unlimited quantities. 

Adduct

To draw toward the mid-line of body or structure.

Adjustment

Used in connection with newborn foals, eg normal or abnormal; to extra-uterine environment.

Adult

Mature or fully grown horse, ie one over 5 years.

After-birth

Fetal membranes consisting of placenta, amnion and cord. Normally expelled from uterus 10-140 minutes after foal has been delivered. Retention of fetal membranes more than 10 hours may lead to serious problems.

Agalactia

Failure of mammary glands to secrete milk. May affect mares who give birth to premature or stillborn foals. Cause unknown but probably related to hormonal disturbances.

Alcohol

Colorless transparent volatile liquid. Used in laboratory to prepare and preserve anatomical and biological specimens, locally as antiseptic and astringent and sometimes given by mouth, as tonic.

Allantoic fluid

Brown or yellowish-brown waste fluid, formed partly by placenta and partly by fetal urine secreted by kidneys and passing through bladder and urachus; surrounds fetus but is separated from contact by amnion. Helps to protect fetus and lubricate birth canal at delivery.

Altrenogest (Regumate)

A synthetic progesterone that is used to maintain pregnancy and/or alter the reproductive cycle of a mare. Common uses would be to keep a mare out of heat or to synchronize a mare for breeding.

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